Improvement in mole-plows



A. M. KARR.

Mole-Plow.

NoY 29,285 Patented July 24. 1860.

N-F'ETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

mole and part ofthe colter in section.

UNrTao STATES PATENT OFFICEo A. M. KABE, or MOUNT PLEAsANT, IOWA.

IIVIPRVENI ENT IN MOLE-PLOWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 29,285, dated July 24, 1860.

i Improvements in Mole-'Plows; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specilication, and in which- Figure 1 represents aside view ot' the machine. Fig. 2 represents a view of thc opposite side of the machine when turned in a reverse direction. Fig. 3 represents a rear view of the Fig. 4 represents a top view of the mole detached. Fig. 5 represents a bottom view of the mole; and Fig. 6 represents a rear view of the same, a part of the colter, together with the devices for closing the cut made bythe colter, and also for guarding the drain from being filled up by water running in from above.

In the drawings, Arepresents the draft-beam which is provided at its front end with runners a a. Another set might be placed just in front ofthe colter; but the beam Ais made of such runner form that only one set at the front end is generally necessary. One side of the rear end of beam A is cut out, so as to make room for the colter B', which slides up between guidepieces a" a and the beam A.

To the lowerend of the colter B is rigidly secured the mole B, which is made sharp or pointed in front, with a gradual increase in height and width as it extends back and up until it reaches a point on a line with the rear of the colter, when the mole-begins to slightly taper inward again. The entire top of the mole is recessed or cut out, so as to leave a wide groove or space, d, within the thin margin d, while a similar recess, e, is made on the bottom, Within the margin e.

On the opposite side of the beam A from the colter B is a gear, F, which is rigidly secured to one end of shaft f, which is supported 4 inthe upper pieces, a', and pieces a, and which holes, It h, whereby lever G can be held in different positions by means ot"pin t', which can be passed through a hole in the end of lever G and into lone ofthe holes h. Lever G is also provided with a double pawl,j, which in turn is provided with a spring, whereby it can be made to hold the gear F whichever side ofthe pawl is in action.

The operation is as follows: As the beam A is drawn forward the colter B cuts through the Vearth and also carries forward the mole B,

which in turn opens and raises the earth and compresses it, so as to leave a drain for the passage of water. The incline groove d on top of the mole is for the purpose otr-rising and guiding the earth to the rear upper part of the mole, so as to close up the cut made by the colter, While the margins e on the bottom are for the purpose ot' forcing the earth outward to make the sides of the drain iirm and compact without compressing the bottom of the same. The side tins, c c, are inclined upward, as fully shown in Fig. 2, and are for the pur-A pose of raising and forcing up the earth from near the'bottom ofthe sides to the upper part of the arch, where there is most danger of the drain giving Way.

By the above arrangement of the parts it will be seen that the bottom ot' the drain, together with the sides, are left in a comparatively uncompressed state, While the upper part of the drain is well compressed. The advantage resulting from thisis that the water enters the drain more readily from the bottom and sides than it would if the bottom and sides were equally compressed with the upper part ofthe drain, while the upper part of the drain is more compactly compressed than it could be Without the use of the incline fins c c. The top of the cut made by the colter is closed up by means of a closingscoop, G, which is attached to the rear of the colter, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. Scoop C is concave on the under side, so that as it is drawn along in rear ot' the colter it gathers up the earth and forces it down into the cut made by the colter. The

scoop is made with an opening on top, so that when the earth cannot all be compressed down into the cut it can rise up and press out at the top or front of the scoop, which is so hinged or fastened to the beam A that its rear end can be adjusted to any desired'angle.

At a short distance below thesurface of the ground is rigidly secured to the rear ot' the colter a closing scoop-mole, D. The office of scoop-mole D is threefold, viz: first, it tends to hold up the earth in the out while it is being compressed by the closing-scoop C; second, it closes up the cut in a compact manner a second time by gathering. earth from the sides and forcing it down into the cut; and, third, it forms a secondary drain of peculiar form above the main drain, whereby all tendency of water to Wash in dirt from above before the' earth becomes well settled together is avoided. As the scoop-mole Gis drawn along it compresses the earth into the cut and also leaves the earth just where the cut is filled up higher than at the sides, whereby, iu case water happens to run down from the surface, it is guided from thecut bythe ridgein the secondary and guard drain to the side channels made on each side of the cut, where it gradually nds its Way vdown through the solid earth into the main drain, instead ofdescendingdown through the earth in the cut made by the colter.

By the use of the double pawlj the mole can be held in any desired position, for if the mole has a tendency to rise up the pawl is placed in the position shown in black lines, Figs. 1 and 2, while if it has a 'tendency to descend the pawl is to be placed in the position shown in red lines, same figures.

The mole and colter can also be raised or lowered by means of lever G and pawl j by simply taking out pin i and Workinglever G back and forth, When the mole and colter can be raised or lowered justas may be desired, the pawl j bein gset properly, to work the gear F in the right direction to cause gear g to work into teeth f' in the front edge of the colter.

In turning corners there is much difficulty experienced, and to avoid friction, and also to make the bends in the drain more smooth and even, I provide the rear part of the mole With a roll, E, which forms nearly the whole heel of the mole, By thev use of a lrolling heel in the mole short curves can be made with ease, while the drain is left in a smooth and compact manner.

To remove the mole and colter from the ground, boltsb b are withdrawn and one of them passed through the hole iu the upper end of B', when, as the beam A is drawn forward, the bolt in the end of colter B will be caught in ears I I, and the mole will then swing back and be easily drawn to the surface of the ground. Y

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the mole B, of the inclined side fins, c c, bottom groove,.e, and margins e', top groove, d', and margins d, and rolling heel E, arranged in relation to each other as shown and described.

2. The combination of the closing-scoop C With the colter B and scoop mole D, con-. structed and arranged in relation to each otheras and for the purposes set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

A. M. KARR.

Witnesses:

W. P. MGGLURE, W. D. LEEDHAM., 

